Kirchgessner, DA
1991
Fuel Rich Sulfur Capture in a Combustion Environment
Lindgren, E.R.; Pershing, D.W.; Kirchgessner, D.A. and Drehmel, D.C.
Environmental Science and Technology, 1991 (in press). Funded by Environmental Protection Agency.
A refractory-lined, natural gas furnace was used to study the fuel rich sulfur capture reactions of calcium sorbents under typical combustion conditions. The fuel rich sulfur species hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbonyl sulfide (COS) were monitored in a nearly continuous fashion using a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame photometric detector and an automatic sampling system which sampled every 30 seconds. Below the fuel rich zone, 25 percent excess air was added, and the ultimate fuel lean capture was simultaneously measured using a continuous sulfur dioxide (SO2) monitor. Under fuel rich conditions high levels of sulfur capture were obtained, and calcium utilization increased with sulfur concentration. The ultimate lean capture was found to be weakly dependent on sulfur concentration and independent of the sulfur capture level obtained in the fuel rich zone.
1989
Calcination and Sintering Models for Application to High-Temperature, Short-Time Sulfation of Calcium-Based Sorbents
Milne, C.R.; Silcox, G.D.; Pershing, D.W. and Kirchgessner, D.A.
Accepted for publication in I & EC Res., 1989. Funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency, ACERC (National Science Foundation and Associates and Affiliates), the State of Utah, and US Department of Energy.
To simulate the staged availability of transient high surface area CaO observed in high-temperature flow-reactor data, the rate of calcination of CaCO3 or Ca(OH)2 is described by an empirical modification of the shrinking-core model. The physical model depicts particle decomposition by the shrinking-core mechanism. The subsequent time dependent decrease in CaO reactivity (surface area and porosity) due to sintering is simulated by reducing the grain-center spacing for the matrix of overlapping CaO grains. Information from SEM micrographs and from other physical property measurements of the porous particles is incorporated. This submodel simulates the time dependent availability and reactivity of CaO for a comprehensive model used to study sulfation of CaCO3 or Ca(OH)2 particles at upper-furnace injection conditions.
Kirchgessner, DA
1991
Fuel Rich Sulfur Capture in a Combustion Environment
Lindgren, E.R.; Pershing, D.W.; Kirchgessner, D.A. and Drehmel, D.C.
Environmental Science and Technology, 1991 (in press). Funded by Environmental Protection Agency.
A refractory-lined, natural gas furnace was used to study the fuel rich sulfur capture reactions of calcium sorbents under typical combustion conditions. The fuel rich sulfur species hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbonyl sulfide (COS) were monitored in a nearly continuous fashion using a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame photometric detector and an automatic sampling system which sampled every 30 seconds. Below the fuel rich zone, 25 percent excess air was added, and the ultimate fuel lean capture was simultaneously measured using a continuous sulfur dioxide (SO2) monitor. Under fuel rich conditions high levels of sulfur capture were obtained, and calcium utilization increased with sulfur concentration. The ultimate lean capture was found to be weakly dependent on sulfur concentration and independent of the sulfur capture level obtained in the fuel rich zone.
1989
Calcination and Sintering Models for Application to High-Temperature, Short-Time Sulfation of Calcium-Based Sorbents
Milne, C.R.; Silcox, G.D.; Pershing, D.W. and Kirchgessner, D.A.
Accepted for publication in I & EC Res., 1989. Funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency, ACERC (National Science Foundation and Associates and Affiliates), the State of Utah, and US Department of Energy.
To simulate the staged availability of transient high surface area CaO observed in high-temperature flow-reactor data, the rate of calcination of CaCO3 or Ca(OH)2 is described by an empirical modification of the shrinking-core model. The physical model depicts particle decomposition by the shrinking-core mechanism. The subsequent time dependent decrease in CaO reactivity (surface area and porosity) due to sintering is simulated by reducing the grain-center spacing for the matrix of overlapping CaO grains. Information from SEM micrographs and from other physical property measurements of the porous particles is incorporated. This submodel simulates the time dependent availability and reactivity of CaO for a comprehensive model used to study sulfation of CaCO3 or Ca(OH)2 particles at upper-furnace injection conditions.