Harden, CS
1996
Hyphenated Techniques: The Next Generation of Field-Portable Analytical Instruments?
Meuzelaar, H.L.C.; McClennen, W.H.; Dworzanski, J.P.; Sheya, S.A.N.; Snyder, A.P.; Harden, C.S. and Arnold, N.S.
Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium On Field Screening Methods for Hazardous Wastes and Toxic Chemicals, 1:38-46, 1996. Funded by ACERC, Consortium for Fossil Fuel Liquefaction Science, US Army Electrical Research Development and Engineering Center, Hewlett Packard, Finnigan MAT Corporation, and Femto Scan Corporation.
The first field-portable (i.e., transportable) hyphenated analytical instruments, including commercially available MS/MS and GC/MS systems as well as a specially built GC/MS system, were introduced during the past seven years. Since then further miniaturization and ruggedization of hyphenated systems by several laboratories has resulted in fully man-portable (backpack and briefcase style) GC/MS systems and a hand portable GC/IMS prototype. The main pitfall to be avoided in developing a hyphenated, field portable system is incompatibility between the coupled techniques. Carefully designed hyphenated techniques incorporating compatible methods such as GC and MS can provide dramatic increases in resolution and chemical specificity which may be traded for speed or sensitivity gains, if needed. Novel developments currently underway in the laboratory include roving GC/MS platforms, personalized GC/IMS devices, high speed GC/GC methods and, last but not least, Virtual Reality techniques.
1993
Portable Hand-Held Gas Chromatography/Ion Mobility Spectrometry Device
Snyder, A.P.; Harden, C.S.; Brittain, A.H.; Kim, M.-G.; Arnold, N.S. and Meuzelaar, H.L.C.
Analytical Chemistry, 65:299-306, 1993. Funded by US Army and University of Utah.
The concept of a portable gas chromatography/Ion mobility spectrometry (GC/IMS) device is introduced. The potential of the GC/IMS unit is investigated for the separation and characterization of vapor mixtures of various chemical classes. Parameters such as internal cell pressure, GC column flow rate, and column temperature were varied to determine the effects on speed and resolution for separating and characterizing mixtures. It was generally found that by reducing both the internal IMS cell pressure and the isothermal GC column temperature, the peak widths, retention times, and peak overlap could be varied for different classes of analytes. The GC/IMS system shows versatility in the various compound classes that can conveniently be analyzed by a hand-portable version. Mixtures included phosphonates, phosphates, alkyl ketones, and chlorophenois with total separation times in the 7-s to 2-min time range. Positive or negative ion polarities in IMS were used depending upon the functional group.
Portable, Handheld Instrumentation: Gas Chromatography/Ion Mobility Spectrometer
Snyder, A.P.; Harden, C.S.; Brittain, A.H.; Kim, M.-G.; Arnold, N.S. and Meuzelaar, H.L.C.
Proceedings of the International Symposium on Field Screening Methods for Hazardous Waste and Toxic Chemicals: 831-841, Las Vegas, NV 1993. Funded by US Army and University of Utah.
The concept of a one hand-portable gas chromatography/ion mobility spectrometry (GC/IMS) device is introduced. The potential of the GC/IMS unit is investigated for the separation and characterization of vapor mixtures of various chemical classes. The column temperature was varied to determine the effects on speed and resolution for separating and characterizing mixtures. The GC/IMS system shows versatility in the various compound classes that can conveniently be analyzed by a hand-portable version. Mixtures included amines, alcohols and drug synthesis/purification solvents with total separation times in the 7-30 sec time range, and all were analyzed in the positive ion mode.
1992
Portable, Hand-Held Gas Chromatography/Ion Mobility Spectrometer
Snyder, A.P.; Harden, C.S.; Brittain, A.H.; Kim, M.-G.; Arnold, N.S. and Meuzelaar, H.L.C
Analytical Chemistry, 1992 (in press). (Also included in American Laboratory, October:32B, 1992). Funded by US Army/Chemical Research Development and Engineering Center.
The general applicability of gas chromatography (GC) in combination with its reliability, to more complex chemical mixtures has made this technology particularly valuable in environmental and medical applications. Such monitoring are conducted in laboratory settings, in mobile field laboratories, and increasingly, in the field with hand-held portable analyzers. Hand-held systems have made significant technical gains in recent years to complement existing logistical attractions of coat and speed of analysis.
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is an attractive technique in conjunction with GC for the determination of constituents in a mixture. The analyses of mixtures of amines, alcohols, and, in particular, the drug solvents performed in this study illustrate the effectiveness of IMS as a true additional dimension of detection for a GC system. Significant advantages to rapid screening, detection, and identification of both indoor and outdoor scenarios can be realized with the GC-IMS concept as a hand-held portable device.
Harden, CS
1996
Hyphenated Techniques: The Next Generation of Field-Portable Analytical Instruments?
Meuzelaar, H.L.C.; McClennen, W.H.; Dworzanski, J.P.; Sheya, S.A.N.; Snyder, A.P.; Harden, C.S. and Arnold, N.S.
Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium On Field Screening Methods for Hazardous Wastes and Toxic Chemicals, 1:38-46, 1996. Funded by ACERC, Consortium for Fossil Fuel Liquefaction Science, US Army Electrical Research Development and Engineering Center, Hewlett Packard, Finnigan MAT Corporation, and Femto Scan Corporation.
The first field-portable (i.e., transportable) hyphenated analytical instruments, including commercially available MS/MS and GC/MS systems as well as a specially built GC/MS system, were introduced during the past seven years. Since then further miniaturization and ruggedization of hyphenated systems by several laboratories has resulted in fully man-portable (backpack and briefcase style) GC/MS systems and a hand portable GC/IMS prototype. The main pitfall to be avoided in developing a hyphenated, field portable system is incompatibility between the coupled techniques. Carefully designed hyphenated techniques incorporating compatible methods such as GC and MS can provide dramatic increases in resolution and chemical specificity which may be traded for speed or sensitivity gains, if needed. Novel developments currently underway in the laboratory include roving GC/MS platforms, personalized GC/IMS devices, high speed GC/GC methods and, last but not least, Virtual Reality techniques.
1993
Portable Hand-Held Gas Chromatography/Ion Mobility Spectrometry Device
Snyder, A.P.; Harden, C.S.; Brittain, A.H.; Kim, M.-G.; Arnold, N.S. and Meuzelaar, H.L.C.
Analytical Chemistry, 65:299-306, 1993. Funded by US Army and University of Utah.
The concept of a portable gas chromatography/Ion mobility spectrometry (GC/IMS) device is introduced. The potential of the GC/IMS unit is investigated for the separation and characterization of vapor mixtures of various chemical classes. Parameters such as internal cell pressure, GC column flow rate, and column temperature were varied to determine the effects on speed and resolution for separating and characterizing mixtures. It was generally found that by reducing both the internal IMS cell pressure and the isothermal GC column temperature, the peak widths, retention times, and peak overlap could be varied for different classes of analytes. The GC/IMS system shows versatility in the various compound classes that can conveniently be analyzed by a hand-portable version. Mixtures included phosphonates, phosphates, alkyl ketones, and chlorophenois with total separation times in the 7-s to 2-min time range. Positive or negative ion polarities in IMS were used depending upon the functional group.
Portable, Handheld Instrumentation: Gas Chromatography/Ion Mobility Spectrometer
Snyder, A.P.; Harden, C.S.; Brittain, A.H.; Kim, M.-G.; Arnold, N.S. and Meuzelaar, H.L.C.
Proceedings of the International Symposium on Field Screening Methods for Hazardous Waste and Toxic Chemicals: 831-841, Las Vegas, NV 1993. Funded by US Army and University of Utah.
The concept of a one hand-portable gas chromatography/ion mobility spectrometry (GC/IMS) device is introduced. The potential of the GC/IMS unit is investigated for the separation and characterization of vapor mixtures of various chemical classes. The column temperature was varied to determine the effects on speed and resolution for separating and characterizing mixtures. The GC/IMS system shows versatility in the various compound classes that can conveniently be analyzed by a hand-portable version. Mixtures included amines, alcohols and drug synthesis/purification solvents with total separation times in the 7-30 sec time range, and all were analyzed in the positive ion mode.
1992
Portable, Hand-Held Gas Chromatography/Ion Mobility Spectrometer
Snyder, A.P.; Harden, C.S.; Brittain, A.H.; Kim, M.-G.; Arnold, N.S. and Meuzelaar, H.L.C
Analytical Chemistry, 1992 (in press). (Also included in American Laboratory, October:32B, 1992). Funded by US Army/Chemical Research Development and Engineering Center.
The general applicability of gas chromatography (GC) in combination with its reliability, to more complex chemical mixtures has made this technology particularly valuable in environmental and medical applications. Such monitoring are conducted in laboratory settings, in mobile field laboratories, and increasingly, in the field with hand-held portable analyzers. Hand-held systems have made significant technical gains in recent years to complement existing logistical attractions of coat and speed of analysis.
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is an attractive technique in conjunction with GC for the determination of constituents in a mixture. The analyses of mixtures of amines, alcohols, and, in particular, the drug solvents performed in this study illustrate the effectiveness of IMS as a true additional dimension of detection for a GC system. Significant advantages to rapid screening, detection, and identification of both indoor and outdoor scenarios can be realized with the GC-IMS concept as a hand-held portable device.