Haneburg, AL
1997
Two-Color Transmittance Measurements in a Pulverized Coal Flame
Tree, D.R. and Haneberg, A.L.
Presented at the Spring Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California, April 14-15, 1997. Funded by ACERC.
Temperature is one of the most important parameters used in characterizing flames. Soot causes significant radiation heat transfer in flames reducing the temperature and affecting flame heat transfer, flame stability and pollutant formation. A method is introduced for the measurement of soot volume fraction in coal flames using two-color extinction. The method relies on the optical properties of the relatively small soot particles to attenuate light more efficiently than the other larger coal, char and ash particles in the flame. Using a two-wavelength transmittance measurement, the soot's contribution to extinction can be isolated. Analysis of the error shows the technique to be accurate within 50% of the majority of the error coming from the uncertainty of the refractive index and the possibility of forward scattering contaminating the true transmittance measurement. Experimental result in a 0.2 MW, down-fired, pulverized coal reactor burning WYODAK, sub-bituminous coal showed no measurable soot at a stoichiometric ratio of 1.11. Under fuel rich conditions, soot volume fractions of 1 -3 x 10^-7 were observed near the burner outlet. The minimum measurement threshold of the method was estimated to be approximately 5.0 x 10^-8.
Soot Volume Fraction Determined by Two-Color Extinction in a Practical Scale Pulverized Coal Flame
Haneberg, A.L.
Soot Volume Fraction Determined by Two-Color Extinction in a Practical Scale Pulverized Coal Flame, M.S./BYU, April 1997. Advisor: Tree
Haneburg, AL
1997
Two-Color Transmittance Measurements in a Pulverized Coal Flame
Tree, D.R. and Haneberg, A.L.
Presented at the Spring Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California, April 14-15, 1997. Funded by ACERC.
Temperature is one of the most important parameters used in characterizing flames. Soot causes significant radiation heat transfer in flames reducing the temperature and affecting flame heat transfer, flame stability and pollutant formation. A method is introduced for the measurement of soot volume fraction in coal flames using two-color extinction. The method relies on the optical properties of the relatively small soot particles to attenuate light more efficiently than the other larger coal, char and ash particles in the flame. Using a two-wavelength transmittance measurement, the soot's contribution to extinction can be isolated. Analysis of the error shows the technique to be accurate within 50% of the majority of the error coming from the uncertainty of the refractive index and the possibility of forward scattering contaminating the true transmittance measurement. Experimental result in a 0.2 MW, down-fired, pulverized coal reactor burning WYODAK, sub-bituminous coal showed no measurable soot at a stoichiometric ratio of 1.11. Under fuel rich conditions, soot volume fractions of 1 -3 x 10^-7 were observed near the burner outlet. The minimum measurement threshold of the method was estimated to be approximately 5.0 x 10^-8.
Soot Volume Fraction Determined by Two-Color Extinction in a Practical Scale Pulverized Coal Flame
Haneberg, A.L.
Soot Volume Fraction Determined by Two-Color Extinction in a Practical Scale Pulverized Coal Flame, M.S./BYU, April 1997. Advisor: Tree