Castle, RN
1986
Sulphur Heterocycles in Coal-Derived Products: Reduction Between Structure and Abundance
Nishioka, M.; Lee, M.L. and Castle, R.N.
Fuel, 65, 390-97, 1986. 7 pgs. Funded by US Department of Energy.
Sulphur is present in various forms in all crude fossil fuels. The organic sulphur compounds found in these materials have been categorized according to functionality; thio (-SH) disulphide (-S-S-) sulphide (-S-), and thiophene. The thiophenes are the major organosulphur compounds in shale oils, coal-derived liquids and heavy petroleum distillates. In thermally cracked oils and coal liquids, multi-ring polycyclic aromatic sulphur heterocycles (PASH) are especially abundant.
The sulphur content in coal and crude oil varies in the range 0.2-12-wt %. Sulphur-containing gases produced at fossil fuel combustion facilities are major contributors to air pollution. The detailed identification of heteroatom-containing polycyclic aromatic compounds, such as the PASH, in coal-derived products could provide important information relevant to coal structure.
Sulphur heterocyles in a coal tar and in a coal liquid vacuum residue were isolated by ligand exchange chromatography using PdCl2 on silica gel. Subsequent fractions were analyzed by capillary column gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Two new selective stationary phases (a smectic liquid-crystalline polysiloxane and a biphenyl polysiloxane), as well as a methylpolysiloxane, were used to resolve the numerous isomers. All major sulphur heterocyles with 3 - 6 rings were identified by comparison of retention times of mixture components with those of standard reference compounds. The structures and relative abundances of the major sulphur heterocyles were analogous to those of the major polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the same or similar samples.
Castle, RN
1986
Sulphur Heterocycles in Coal-Derived Products: Reduction Between Structure and Abundance
Nishioka, M.; Lee, M.L. and Castle, R.N.
Fuel, 65, 390-97, 1986. 7 pgs. Funded by US Department of Energy.
Sulphur is present in various forms in all crude fossil fuels. The organic sulphur compounds found in these materials have been categorized according to functionality; thio (-SH) disulphide (-S-S-) sulphide (-S-), and thiophene. The thiophenes are the major organosulphur compounds in shale oils, coal-derived liquids and heavy petroleum distillates. In thermally cracked oils and coal liquids, multi-ring polycyclic aromatic sulphur heterocycles (PASH) are especially abundant.
The sulphur content in coal and crude oil varies in the range 0.2-12-wt %. Sulphur-containing gases produced at fossil fuel combustion facilities are major contributors to air pollution. The detailed identification of heteroatom-containing polycyclic aromatic compounds, such as the PASH, in coal-derived products could provide important information relevant to coal structure.
Sulphur heterocyles in a coal tar and in a coal liquid vacuum residue were isolated by ligand exchange chromatography using PdCl2 on silica gel. Subsequent fractions were analyzed by capillary column gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Two new selective stationary phases (a smectic liquid-crystalline polysiloxane and a biphenyl polysiloxane), as well as a methylpolysiloxane, were used to resolve the numerous isomers. All major sulphur heterocyles with 3 - 6 rings were identified by comparison of retention times of mixture components with those of standard reference compounds. The structures and relative abundances of the major sulphur heterocyles were analogous to those of the major polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the same or similar samples.