Black, DL
1998
Experimental Measurements in the Brigham Young University Controlled Profile Reactor
Tree, D.R.; Black, D.L.; Rigby, J.R.; McQuay, M.Q. and Webb, B.W.
Prog. Energy Combust. Sci., 24:355-83 (1998).
Energy conversion of fossil fuels or waste products to electricity and heat through clean and efficient combustion processes continues to be an issue of international importance. The Controlled Profile Reactor (CPR) is a small-scale (0.2-0.4 MW) combustion facility that has been used to obtain data for model validation, the testing of new combustion concepts, and the development of new combustion instrumentation. The CPR has a cylindrical, down-fired combustion chamber, 240 cm long and 80 cm in diameter. This review of the past ten years of research completed in the CPR includes a description of the reactor and instrumentation used, a summary of three experimental data sets which have been obtained in the reactor, and a description of novel tests and instrumentation. Measurements obtained include gas species, gas temperature, particle velocity, particle size, particle number density, particle-colored temperature profiles, radiation and total heat flux to the wall, and wall temperatures. Species data include the measurement of CO, CO2, NO, NO2, O2, NH3 and HCN. The three combustion studies included one with natural gas combustion in a swirling flow, and two pulverized-coal combustion studies involving Utah Blind Canyon and Pittsburgh #8 coals. Most, but not all of the above measurements were obtained in each study. The second coal study involving the Pittsburgh #8 coal contained the most complete set of data and is described in detail in Section 3 of the paper. Novel combustion instrumentation includes the use of Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Sprectroscopy (CARS) to measure gas temperature. Novel combustion experiments include the measurement of NOx and burnout with coal-char blends. The measurements have led to an improved understanding of the combustion process and an understanding of the strengths and weaknesses associated with different aspects of comprehensive combustion models.
1997
Exp. Invest. of Particle Dispersion with Spherical and Nonspherical Particles
Black, D.L.
Exp. Invest. of Particle Dispersion with Spherical and Nonspherical Particles, Ph.D./BYU, December 1997. Advisor: McQuay
Experimental Measurements in the Brigham Young University Controlled Profile Reactor
Tree, D.R.; Black, D.L.; Rigby, J.R.; McQuay, M.Q. and Webb, B.W.
Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, (in press), 1997. Funded by ACERC.
Energy conversion of fossil fuels or waste products to electricity and heat through clean and efficient combustion processes continues to be an issue of international importance. The Controlled Profile Reactor (CPR) is a small-scale (0.2 -0.4 MW) combustion facility that has been used to obtain data for model validation, the testing of new combustion concepts, and the development of new combustion instrumentation. The CPR has a cylindrical, down-fired combustion chamber, 240 cm long and 80 cm in diameter. This review of the past ten years of research completed in the CPR includes a description of the reactor and instrumentation used, a summary of three experimental data sets which have been obtained in the reactor, and a description of novel tests and instrumentation. Measurements obtained include gas species, gas temperature, particle velocity, particle size, particle number density, particle-cloud temperature profiles, radiation and total heat flux to the wall, and wall temperatures. Species data include the measurement of CO, CO2, NO, NOx O2, NH3 and HCN. The three combustion studies included one with natural gas combustion in a swirling flow, and two pulverized-coal combustion studies involving Utah Blind Canyon and Pittsburgh #8 coals. Most but not all of the above measurements were obtained in each study. The second coal study involving the Pittsburgh #8 coal contained the most complete set of data and id described in detail in Section II of the paper. Novel combustion instrumentation includes the use of Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (CARS) to measure gas temperature. Novel combustion experiments include the measurement of NOx and burnout with coal-char blends. The measurements have led to an improved understanding of the combustion process and an understanding of the strengths and weaknesses associated with different aspects of comprehensive combustion models.
1996
Particle Size and Velocity Measurements in the Radiant Section of an Industrial-Scale, Coal-Fired Boiler: The Effect of Coal Type
Black, D.L. and McQuay, M.Q.
HDT Vol. 238, 6:19-26, 1996. (Presented at the 31st National Heat Transfer Conference, Houston, Texas, August 5, 1996.) Funded by ACERC and Brighan Young University Mechanical Engineering Department.
To improve understanding of the complex phenomena involved in pulverized coal combustion in utility boilers and to develop information suitable for model validation of comprehensive combustion codes a series of measurements was taken on 160 MW corner-fired, pulverized-coal fired boiler operated by New York State Electronic and Gas (NYSEG). Data taken during the complete series of tests consisted of particle size and velocity measurements, gas temperature and velocity measurements, species concentration, wall heat flux, and solid sample composition at locations in the radiant section and the convective pass of the boiler. The measurements discussed here include those of particle size, velocity, concentration, and data rate for the full-load, baseline operating condition firing the boiler on different coals. The types of coals used during this test were three bituminous coals, one with a relatively high fixed carbon and low volatiles, labeled coal type B, one with a lower fixed carbon and higher volatiles content, labeled coal type A, and coal similar to the type A coal in composition, labeled coal type C.
The particle size velocity data were collected using the laser-based PCSV (Particle Counter Sizer Velocimeter) probe. Measurements for this test series were collected primarily in the radiant section of the boiler. Data were collected at four ports in the vertical line along the north wall of the boiler on the east wall. Significant variations in particle size and velocity were observed due to the change in coal type at the nose of the boiler, while measurements lower in the radiant section showed smaller differences. Vertical trends in the mean particle sized in the upper part of the radiant section show larger variations when using the type B coal than are seen when the boiler was fired on the type A coal. Profiles of volume mean diameter and velocity taken at the nose of the boiler for all three coals used show also show significant differences due to coal type. The maximum values in the rate Probability Density Functions (PDF's) for the type A coal shows an increase toward higher data rates with increasing vertical location in the boiler, while the maximum value in the PDF's shows a decrease toward lower rates for the type B coal.
Black, DL
1998
Experimental Measurements in the Brigham Young University Controlled Profile Reactor
Tree, D.R.; Black, D.L.; Rigby, J.R.; McQuay, M.Q. and Webb, B.W.
Prog. Energy Combust. Sci., 24:355-83 (1998).
Energy conversion of fossil fuels or waste products to electricity and heat through clean and efficient combustion processes continues to be an issue of international importance. The Controlled Profile Reactor (CPR) is a small-scale (0.2-0.4 MW) combustion facility that has been used to obtain data for model validation, the testing of new combustion concepts, and the development of new combustion instrumentation. The CPR has a cylindrical, down-fired combustion chamber, 240 cm long and 80 cm in diameter. This review of the past ten years of research completed in the CPR includes a description of the reactor and instrumentation used, a summary of three experimental data sets which have been obtained in the reactor, and a description of novel tests and instrumentation. Measurements obtained include gas species, gas temperature, particle velocity, particle size, particle number density, particle-colored temperature profiles, radiation and total heat flux to the wall, and wall temperatures. Species data include the measurement of CO, CO2, NO, NO2, O2, NH3 and HCN. The three combustion studies included one with natural gas combustion in a swirling flow, and two pulverized-coal combustion studies involving Utah Blind Canyon and Pittsburgh #8 coals. Most, but not all of the above measurements were obtained in each study. The second coal study involving the Pittsburgh #8 coal contained the most complete set of data and is described in detail in Section 3 of the paper. Novel combustion instrumentation includes the use of Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Sprectroscopy (CARS) to measure gas temperature. Novel combustion experiments include the measurement of NOx and burnout with coal-char blends. The measurements have led to an improved understanding of the combustion process and an understanding of the strengths and weaknesses associated with different aspects of comprehensive combustion models.
1997
Exp. Invest. of Particle Dispersion with Spherical and Nonspherical Particles
Black, D.L.
Exp. Invest. of Particle Dispersion with Spherical and Nonspherical Particles, Ph.D./BYU, December 1997. Advisor: McQuay
Experimental Measurements in the Brigham Young University Controlled Profile Reactor
Tree, D.R.; Black, D.L.; Rigby, J.R.; McQuay, M.Q. and Webb, B.W.
Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, (in press), 1997. Funded by ACERC.
Energy conversion of fossil fuels or waste products to electricity and heat through clean and efficient combustion processes continues to be an issue of international importance. The Controlled Profile Reactor (CPR) is a small-scale (0.2 -0.4 MW) combustion facility that has been used to obtain data for model validation, the testing of new combustion concepts, and the development of new combustion instrumentation. The CPR has a cylindrical, down-fired combustion chamber, 240 cm long and 80 cm in diameter. This review of the past ten years of research completed in the CPR includes a description of the reactor and instrumentation used, a summary of three experimental data sets which have been obtained in the reactor, and a description of novel tests and instrumentation. Measurements obtained include gas species, gas temperature, particle velocity, particle size, particle number density, particle-cloud temperature profiles, radiation and total heat flux to the wall, and wall temperatures. Species data include the measurement of CO, CO2, NO, NOx O2, NH3 and HCN. The three combustion studies included one with natural gas combustion in a swirling flow, and two pulverized-coal combustion studies involving Utah Blind Canyon and Pittsburgh #8 coals. Most but not all of the above measurements were obtained in each study. The second coal study involving the Pittsburgh #8 coal contained the most complete set of data and id described in detail in Section II of the paper. Novel combustion instrumentation includes the use of Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (CARS) to measure gas temperature. Novel combustion experiments include the measurement of NOx and burnout with coal-char blends. The measurements have led to an improved understanding of the combustion process and an understanding of the strengths and weaknesses associated with different aspects of comprehensive combustion models.
1996
Particle Size and Velocity Measurements in the Radiant Section of an Industrial-Scale, Coal-Fired Boiler: The Effect of Coal Type
Black, D.L. and McQuay, M.Q.
HDT Vol. 238, 6:19-26, 1996. (Presented at the 31st National Heat Transfer Conference, Houston, Texas, August 5, 1996.) Funded by ACERC and Brighan Young University Mechanical Engineering Department.
To improve understanding of the complex phenomena involved in pulverized coal combustion in utility boilers and to develop information suitable for model validation of comprehensive combustion codes a series of measurements was taken on 160 MW corner-fired, pulverized-coal fired boiler operated by New York State Electronic and Gas (NYSEG). Data taken during the complete series of tests consisted of particle size and velocity measurements, gas temperature and velocity measurements, species concentration, wall heat flux, and solid sample composition at locations in the radiant section and the convective pass of the boiler. The measurements discussed here include those of particle size, velocity, concentration, and data rate for the full-load, baseline operating condition firing the boiler on different coals. The types of coals used during this test were three bituminous coals, one with a relatively high fixed carbon and low volatiles, labeled coal type B, one with a lower fixed carbon and higher volatiles content, labeled coal type A, and coal similar to the type A coal in composition, labeled coal type C.
The particle size velocity data were collected using the laser-based PCSV (Particle Counter Sizer Velocimeter) probe. Measurements for this test series were collected primarily in the radiant section of the boiler. Data were collected at four ports in the vertical line along the north wall of the boiler on the east wall. Significant variations in particle size and velocity were observed due to the change in coal type at the nose of the boiler, while measurements lower in the radiant section showed smaller differences. Vertical trends in the mean particle sized in the upper part of the radiant section show larger variations when using the type B coal than are seen when the boiler was fired on the type A coal. Profiles of volume mean diameter and velocity taken at the nose of the boiler for all three coals used show also show significant differences due to coal type. The maximum values in the rate Probability Density Functions (PDF's) for the type A coal shows an increase toward higher data rates with increasing vertical location in the boiler, while the maximum value in the PDF's shows a decrease toward lower rates for the type B coal.