Allison, K
1992
Hydrocarbon and Formaldehyde Emissions from the Combustion of Pulverized Wood Waste
Larsen, F.S.; McClennen, W.H.; Deng, X.-X.; Silcox, G.D.and Allison, K.
Combustion Science and Technology, 1992 (in press). (Also presented at The Second International Congress on Toxic By-Products: Formation and Control, Salt Lake City, UT, March 1992). Funded by Weyerhaeuser Corp. and ACERC.
Hydrocarbon and formaldehyde emissions from the combustion of pulverized wood waste were measured in 100 kW, cylindrical combustion chamber measuring 0.61 by 0.61 m. The wood was pneumatically conveyed to the burner and natural gas was used as an auxiliary fuel. The wood was screened prior to feeding so that its size distribution was representative of the suspension phase of a stoker boiler. Chamber wall and gas temperatures ranged from 920 to 1200 K and oxygen concentrations ranged from 2 to 9 percent, dry. Two types of waste were studied, plain wood and wood that was impregnated with a phenol-formaldehyde resin. The latter was a by-product of particleboard production. In general, the emissions of products of incomplete combustion (PICs) from the resinated waste were higher than those produced by plain wood. This may have been due to three factors: 1) the resinated wood was slightly wetter than the plain wood (6-9 percent by weight vs. 3 percent), 2) there was a difference in particle size distribution between the two materials as received, the resinated wood being larger, and 3) the resin may have had an effect on the emissions. Ultimate analyses of the two wastes showed no significant differences, other than moisture, in composition. At temperatures above 1200 K, total hydrocarbon emissions were roughly 10 to 29 ppm and formaldehyde emissions were less than the detection limit of 1 ppm. Typical waste wood boiler temperatures are roughly 1600 K. Hence, unless there are cool, poorly mixed regions in the full-scale facility, hydrocarbon and formaldehyde emissions should not be significant. However, the emissions from burning the two different types of wood would probably be different if all operating parameters in the wood-fired boiler are held constant.
1991
Hydrocarbon and Formaldehyde Emissions from the Combustion of Pulverized Wood Waste
Larsen, F.S.; McClennen, W.H.; Deng, X.-X.; Silcox, G.D. and Allison, K.
Combustion Science and Technology, 1991 (in press). Funded by Weyerhaeuser Corp. and ACERC.
Hydrocarbon and formaldehyde emissions from the combustion of pulverized wood waste were measured in 100 kW, cylindrical combustion chamber measuring 0.61 by 0.61 m. The wood was pneumatically conveyed to the burner and natural gas was used as an auxiliary fuel. The wood was screened prior to feeding so that its size distribution was representative of the suspension phase of a stoker boiler. Chamber wall and gas temperatures ranged from 920 to 1200 K and oxygen concentrations ranged from 2 to 9 percent, dry. Two types of waste were studied, plain wood and wood that was impregnated with a phenol-formaldehyde resin. The latter was a by-product of particleboard production. In general, the emissions of products of incomplete combustion (PICs) from the resinated waste were higher than those produced by plain wood. This may have been due to three factors: 1) the resinated wood was slightly wetter than the plain wood (6-9 percent by weight vs. 3 percent), 2) there was a difference in particle size distribution between the two materials as received, the resinated wood being larger, and 3) the resin may have had an effect on the emissions. Ultimate analyses of the two wastes showed no significant differences, other than moisture, in composition. At temperatures above 1200 K, total hydrocarbon emissions were roughly 10 to 29 ppm and formaldehyde emissions were less than the detection limit of 1 ppm. Typical waste wood boiler temperatures are roughly 1600 K. Hence, unless there are cool, poorly mixed regions in the full-scale facility, hydrocarbon and formaldehyde emissions should not be significant. However, the emissions from burning the two different types of wood would probably be different if all operating parameters in the wood-fired boiler are held constant.
Allison, K
1992
Hydrocarbon and Formaldehyde Emissions from the Combustion of Pulverized Wood Waste
Larsen, F.S.; McClennen, W.H.; Deng, X.-X.; Silcox, G.D.and Allison, K.
Combustion Science and Technology, 1992 (in press). (Also presented at The Second International Congress on Toxic By-Products: Formation and Control, Salt Lake City, UT, March 1992). Funded by Weyerhaeuser Corp. and ACERC.
Hydrocarbon and formaldehyde emissions from the combustion of pulverized wood waste were measured in 100 kW, cylindrical combustion chamber measuring 0.61 by 0.61 m. The wood was pneumatically conveyed to the burner and natural gas was used as an auxiliary fuel. The wood was screened prior to feeding so that its size distribution was representative of the suspension phase of a stoker boiler. Chamber wall and gas temperatures ranged from 920 to 1200 K and oxygen concentrations ranged from 2 to 9 percent, dry. Two types of waste were studied, plain wood and wood that was impregnated with a phenol-formaldehyde resin. The latter was a by-product of particleboard production. In general, the emissions of products of incomplete combustion (PICs) from the resinated waste were higher than those produced by plain wood. This may have been due to three factors: 1) the resinated wood was slightly wetter than the plain wood (6-9 percent by weight vs. 3 percent), 2) there was a difference in particle size distribution between the two materials as received, the resinated wood being larger, and 3) the resin may have had an effect on the emissions. Ultimate analyses of the two wastes showed no significant differences, other than moisture, in composition. At temperatures above 1200 K, total hydrocarbon emissions were roughly 10 to 29 ppm and formaldehyde emissions were less than the detection limit of 1 ppm. Typical waste wood boiler temperatures are roughly 1600 K. Hence, unless there are cool, poorly mixed regions in the full-scale facility, hydrocarbon and formaldehyde emissions should not be significant. However, the emissions from burning the two different types of wood would probably be different if all operating parameters in the wood-fired boiler are held constant.
1991
Hydrocarbon and Formaldehyde Emissions from the Combustion of Pulverized Wood Waste
Larsen, F.S.; McClennen, W.H.; Deng, X.-X.; Silcox, G.D. and Allison, K.
Combustion Science and Technology, 1991 (in press). Funded by Weyerhaeuser Corp. and ACERC.
Hydrocarbon and formaldehyde emissions from the combustion of pulverized wood waste were measured in 100 kW, cylindrical combustion chamber measuring 0.61 by 0.61 m. The wood was pneumatically conveyed to the burner and natural gas was used as an auxiliary fuel. The wood was screened prior to feeding so that its size distribution was representative of the suspension phase of a stoker boiler. Chamber wall and gas temperatures ranged from 920 to 1200 K and oxygen concentrations ranged from 2 to 9 percent, dry. Two types of waste were studied, plain wood and wood that was impregnated with a phenol-formaldehyde resin. The latter was a by-product of particleboard production. In general, the emissions of products of incomplete combustion (PICs) from the resinated waste were higher than those produced by plain wood. This may have been due to three factors: 1) the resinated wood was slightly wetter than the plain wood (6-9 percent by weight vs. 3 percent), 2) there was a difference in particle size distribution between the two materials as received, the resinated wood being larger, and 3) the resin may have had an effect on the emissions. Ultimate analyses of the two wastes showed no significant differences, other than moisture, in composition. At temperatures above 1200 K, total hydrocarbon emissions were roughly 10 to 29 ppm and formaldehyde emissions were less than the detection limit of 1 ppm. Typical waste wood boiler temperatures are roughly 1600 K. Hence, unless there are cool, poorly mixed regions in the full-scale facility, hydrocarbon and formaldehyde emissions should not be significant. However, the emissions from burning the two different types of wood would probably be different if all operating parameters in the wood-fired boiler are held constant.